In the folder of the TP1, you will find the configuration file of the Kathara environment.
In the TP1 folder you will find the configuration files for the Kathara environment. lab.conf' is the main configuration file for the environment. The `*.startup` files are the startup scripts for the devices on the network. **You don't need to change these files**.
This environment emulates a network with this topology:
```
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@@ -48,8 +48,13 @@ kathara lstart
After that, you should see multiple terminals opened. Each terminal represents a different device in the network.
**Question 1:** What is a MAC address?
**Question 1:** What is the MAC address of PC1?
**Question 2:** How is a MAC address constructed?
**Question 3:** What is the layer of the OSI model that uses the MAC address?
**Question 4:** What is the MAC address of PC1?
## 3. Capture packets with tcpdump on S1
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@@ -63,113 +68,123 @@ switch S1 and save them in the file `shared/s1.pcap`.
## 4. Show the ARP table of PC1 and PC2
**Question 5:** What is the role of the ARP protocol?
In the terminal of PC1, type the following command:
```bash
ip neigh show
```
**Qestion 2:** What do you see in the ARP table of PC1?
**Question 6:** What do you see in the ARP table of PC1?
## 5. Show the S1 Forwarding Table
## 5. Show the S1 Switching Table
In the terminal of S1, type the following command:
```bash
bridge fdb show
```
**Question 3:** What do you see in the forwarding table of S1?
**Question 7:** What does a switching table contain and what is its purpose?
## 5. Send a ping from PC1 to PC2
**Question 8:** What do you see in the switching table of S1?
## 6. Send a ping from PC1 to PC2
In the terminal of PC1, type the following command:
```bash
ping 10.0.0.11
```
**Question 4:** What do you see in the ARP table of PC1 after sending the ping?
**Question 9:** What do you see in the ARP table of PC1 after sending the ping?
**Question 5:** What do you see in the forwarding table of S1 ?
**Question 10:** What do you see in the switching table of S1 ?
## 6. Stop the capture on S1
## 7. Stop the capture on S1
In the terminal of S1, type `Ctrl+C` to stop the capture.
## 7. Analyze the capture
## 8. Analyze the capture
Oppen the file `shared/s1.pcap` with Wireshark.
Open the file `shared/s1.pcap` with Wireshark.
**Question 6:** What do you see in the capture ?
**Question 11:** What do you see in the capture ?
+ What is the source MAC address of the ARP request ?
+ What is the destination MAC address of the ARP request ?
+ What is the source MAC address of the ARP reply ?
+ Draw a timeline of the ARP request and reply
+ Draw a sequence diagram of the ARP request and reply
## 8. Add a IPv4 address to PC3
## 9. Add a IPv4 address to PC3
**Question 12:** Why do we need an IP address?
**Question 13:** What is the layer of the OSI model that uses the IP address?
The PC3 has no IP address. Can you add an IP address to PC3 ?
**Question 7:** What is the command to add an IP address to PC3?
**Question 14:** What is the command to add an IP address to PC3?
## 9. Test the connection between PC1 and PC3
## 10. Test the connection between PC1 and PC3
Can you ping PC3 from PC1 ?
**Question 8:** What do you see in the ARP table of PC1 after sending the ping?
**Question 15:** What do you see in the ARP table of PC1 after sending the ping?
## 10. Add a static ARP entry on PC2 for PC3
## 11. Add a static ARP entry on PC2 for PC3
You can add a static ARP entry on PC2 for PC3 by typing the following command:
```bash
ip neigh add <IP address of PC3> lladdr <MAC address of PC3> dev eth0
```
**Question 9:** What is the goal of adding a static ARP entry?
**Question 16:** What is the goal of adding a static ARP entry?
## 11. Test the connection between PC2 and PC3
## 12. Test the connection between PC2 and PC3
Can you ping PC3 from PC2 ?
**Question 10:**This ping require the use of an ARP request ?
**Question 17:**Does this ping require the use of an ARP request?
## 12. What is the IPv6 address of PC1 ?
## 13. What is the IPv6 address of PC1 ?
Each device in the network has a link-local IPv6 address.
**Question 11:** What is PC1 global IPv6 address ?
**Question 18**: what is the difference between a IPv4 address and a IPv6 address ?
**Question 12:** What is PC1 local IPv6 address and how is it constructed ?
**Question 19:** What is PC1 global IPv6 address ?
## 13. Start the capture on S1
**Question 20:** What is PC1 local IPv6 address and how is it constructed ?
## 14. Start the capture on S1
In the terminal of S1, type the following command:
```bash
tcpdump -w shared/s1.pcap
```
## 13. Add a IPv6 address to PC2
## 15. Add a IPv6 address to PC2
The PC2 has no global IPv6 address. Can you add an IPv6 address to PC2 ?
**Question 13:** What is the command to add an IPv6 address to PC2?
**Question 21:** What is the command to add an IPv6 address to PC2?
## 14. Test the connection between PC1 and PC2 in IPv6
## 16. Test the connection between PC1 and PC2 in IPv6
Can you ping PC2 from PC1 in IPv6 ?
## 15. Stop the capture on S1 and analyze the capture
## 17. Stop the capture on S1 and analyze the capture
Oppen the file `shared/s1.pcap` with Wireshark.
**Question 14:** What do you see in the capture ?
**Question 22:** What do you see in the capture ?
+ What is the type of the ICMPv6 packet ?
+ What is the address of the source and destination of the ICMPv6 packet ?
